GIS
A geographic information system (GIS), or geographical information system,
captures, stores, analyzes, manages, and presents data that is linked
to location. Technically, GIS is geographic information systems which
includes mapping software and its application with remote sensing, land
surveying, aerial photography, mathematics, photogrammetry, geography,
and tools that can be implemented with GIS software. Still, many refer
to "geographic information system" as GIS even though it doesn't cover
all tools connected to topology.